International Consensus on the Requirements for Definitions of Complete Remission and Recurrence of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: a Delphi Study (ICON-DTC)

Objective
Recurrence is a key outcome measure of treatment for differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). In international guidelines and current literature, a consistent definition is lacking, which hinders comparison of treatment-related oncological outcomes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to reach international consensus among experts from all medical specialties involved in the care of patients with DTC on the essential elements minimally required for a universal definition of recurrence—serving as a first step toward developing a new, universally accepted definition of DTC recurrence.

Design
We conducted an international Delphi study.

Methods
A steering committee provided advice on the study protocol and Delphi rounds. Experts were identified through various scientific associations, international guidelines, ClinicalTrials.gov, our systematic review on definitions of DTC recurrence, and suggestions from the steering committee. A 3-round Delphi process was conducted to reach consensus on the minimally essential components of the definition of DTC recurrence. The initial list of components was derived from our systematic review.

Results
In total, 127 experts from all medical specialties involved in the diagnosis and treatment of DTC, representing 35 countries across 4 continents, completed 3 Delphi rounds. Thirteen key components critical for defining complete remission and recurrence of DTC were identified, following treatment with total thyroidectomy and postoperative radioiodine therapy (RIT), total thyroidectomy without RIT, and less-than-total thyroidectomy.

Conclusions
The components identified through this international Delphi consensus can serve as the foundation for the further development of universal definitions of DTC recurrence.

Contributors

Daniël J van de Berg, Hanneke M van Santen, Sarah C Clement, Menno R Vriens, A S Paul van Trotsenburg, Eveline Bruinstroop, Schelto Kruijff, Robin P Peeters, Frederik A Verburg, Romana Netea-Maier, Els J M Nieveen van Dijkum, Laura Fugazzola, Marek Dedecjus, W Edward Visser, Kenneth K Baidoo, Joep P M Derikx, Anton F Engelsman, Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Recurrence Collaboration Group

Publication

Journal: European Journal of Endocrinology
Volume: 193
Issue: 6
Pages: 772 - 782
Year: 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ejendo/lvaf243

Further Study Information

Current Stage: Completed
Date:
Funding source(s): This work was supported by the Stichting Kinderen Kankervrij (KiKa) grant number 441. The funders of the study had no role in the study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the report.


Health Area

Disease Category: Cancer

Disease Name: Thyroid cancer

Target Population

Age Range: Unknown

Sex: Either

Nature of Intervention: Any

Stakeholders Involved

- Clinical experts
- Researchers

Study Type

- Recommendations for outcome measures (measurement/how)

Method(s)

- Delphi process

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